Practice makes perfect!
Note: Before doing these homeworks, make sure you have learned the previous words fluently.
New words:
To be = 
/bu:dæn/.
I was = 
/mæn bu:dæm/.
They were not = 
/a:nha: næbu:dænd/.
I was at home = 
/mæn dær kha:neh bu:dæm/.
At/in = 
/dær/.
Home = 
/kha:neh/.
Street = 
/khiya:ba:n/.
In street = 
/dær khiya:ba:n/.
To come = 
/a:mædæn/
She came = 
/u: a:mæd/
She didn’t come = 
/u: næya:mæd/
Teacher = 
/moæl.lem/.
==> /l.lem/ means that the letter ‘L’ is emphasized: Tashdid.
Week = 
/hæfteh/.
Last = 
/gozæshteh/.
Last week = 
/hæfteh ye gozæshteh/.
Absent = 
/gha:yeb/.
Homework = 
/mæshgh/.
To do homework = 
/mæshgh neveshtæn/. Delete 
/nu:n/ and you’ll have /mæshgh nevesht/. I did my homework. 
/mæn mæshghæm ra: neveshtæm/.
Letter = 
/na:meh/.
This week = 
/in hæfteh/
To talk to somebody = 
/ba: ‘somebody’ sohbæt kærdæn/.
I talked to him. 
/ mæn ba: u: sohbæt kærdæm/.
Boy = 
/pesær/.
This boy = 
/in pesær/.
Girl = 
/dokhtær/.
Night = 
/shæb/.
Last night = 
/dishæb/.
Please translate the following sentences into Persian.
Note 1: Just follow the rule: subject + object + time + place + verb. If any of these items is absent, simply skip over it to reach the next one. For example: in ‘ I was at home yesterday’, we have this rule: subject + time + place + verb. Is it clear?
Note 2: Please note that for ‘The + noun’ in English, we have only ‘noun’ in Persian. For example: The door = /dær/.
Note 3: Please do your best to do it all first. Then, if you want to be sure, look for the answers at the bottom of this page. No cheating!!
- I saw your friend in the street today.
- My teacher didn’t come last week.
- My friend was absent yesterday.
- She wrote a letter this week.
- She didn’t write a letter last week.
- They didn’t do their homework last night.
- We were not at home last week.
- She didn’t talk to her friend yesterday.
- My father didn’t build this bridge last year.
- This boy broke the window yesterday.
- This girl didn’t break the window yesterday.
NOTE: As you know, the structure of sentences in Persian is this: subject + object + time + place + verb. Sometimes, however, ‘time’ could stand before ‘object’ like what you see in this drill (Numbers 4- 5- 6). Either way is Correct. There is a slight difference in them though, but don’t worry, it is not very fatal (at least for beginners)!! I believe I have explained this somewhere during our next lessons. Unfortunately, I don’t remember the lesson’s number!
Note: try to memorize the sentences as much as possible.
Salam,
I have few questions concerning certain details in the exercise of Useful Drills 18.
First, in sentences like the fourth, why did the sentence structure change: instead of placing the time after the object (او يك نامه اين هفته نوشت), we placed it before the object (او اين هفته يك نامه نوشت) ?
Second, in the eighth sentence, what does “با” stand for right before “دوستش” ?
Third, in verbs like “آمدن”, do we always add a “ي” between it and the “ن” added in the beginning of the verb to signify the negative form in simple past tense (نيامد) ?
Motæshækeræm.
Elie Slam
First: Both structures are ‘almost’ the same. As a beginner, you don’t need to worry about their difference.
Second: to speak ‘with’ somebody = ‘ba’ kesi sohbat kardan => with = ba
Third: I have to be very careful when issuing a general rule, but as far as I can remember, yes, you can follow the same order (there may be some exceptions though, which I cannot think of now).
Ex:
amadan => nayamad (negative)
avordan => nayavord
ashamidan => nayashamid
Hope this helps,
Best,
Hassan
Thank you very much.
Your reply was helpful indeed, I appreciate it.